Electric heater



Aug. 7, 1923. 1464.280

L. P. HYNES I ELECTRIC HEA'TER Filed Jan. 25', 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented Aug. 7, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENToFFlCEf;

LEE P. HYNES, E ALBANY, NEW YORK, nssrsNoE TO CONSOLIDATED can-HE T NG GOMPANY, or ALBANY, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

ELECTRIC HEATER.

Application filed January 25, 1922. Serial No. 531,618;

T 0 all whom it may Concern zen of the United States, residing at Albany, in the county of Albany and State of New York, have invented certain new'and useful Improvements in Electric Heaters, the folclosure of the one formoit m which I at present deem p-refera 1e.

' I My invention relates to an electric heater particularly adapted for railway and other vehicles but useful in other sltuatlons, as

where a warmer on the floor or wall of an "apartment is desired; l-leretofore electric heaters for railway cars have been always so far as I am awaresupported on the under part of the seat oronthe side wall in the case of cross-seat cars, and in the riser in the case of seats extendinglongitudinally. Itis my purpose to provide a heater to be applied to the floor of the car and in thls application they heater projects two or three inches, more or less, above the, floor and is available for cross-seat cars in particular,

whilein another application-.Ihave included a somewhat similar heater that comes flush 0 with the floor surface. This heater is of the type I have invented and claimed in a sepa vrate application for patent wherein aheat ing coil is removably included in a duct having walls of refractory insulation, the

' 5 removable-coil feature being of value in the process of manufacture as well as in the replacement of 00115 which have broken down in service.

Referring vto'the drawings, 1 represents a 5 metallic shell, which in this case is a casting of a turtleback, shape, hollow beneath and provided on its under side withtwo pairs -of ribs a, 6. These ribs preferablyfollow an elongated pear-shaped route under the 55. top wallofthe casting-as is indicated by the For a detailed description of the present I form of my invention, reference may be had to the, following specification and to the acof my heater in purpose of this is tohave the route begin and end-at adjacent points with the'out going and return branches connected by a bend ofconsiderable radius around which "the heating coil will readily pass when inlowing being a full, clear, and exactd1s-. lnvention serted, while both coil-terminals willbe at the same end of the heater. between the two ribs a and b I extend'a tubular lining of refractoryinsulating material. This may be of any suitable composition, but the cheapest now available is porcelain. Tube sections of this'substance about three inches long are used in the straight or tangent portions of the channel and much a shorter sections in the bend. The short sections may have their ends abut-on radial lines, if desired, to avoid gaps between adjoining sections, or may be otherwise suit ably shaped. I may, however, useffor the bends tubes that have been correspondingly curved in longer sections. When the tube is in place, I bendin the flanges around'the tubes as shown by the dotted lines to secure the tube in the shell and also to bring the tube into a close heat-conducting relation with the shell. If desired Ialso put a filling of cement 0 under the tube which is squeezed in around the tube when the ribs ar'eswaged in. Any other suitable means maybe em-- ployed to substantially embed the refractory tube in the metal of the shell. At'one end ofthe casting is formed a recess 3 into which the ends of the tube 4 project on one side while on the opposite side of the recess is a screw threaded stud 9 for receiving the metal conduit containing the line wires. On the bottom of recess 3' is an insulating block 7 on which is secured the metal-blocks or plates 8 to-which the respective line-wires In the channel g a dotted lines in the plan viewiof 2. The r Be it known that I, LEE P. HYNEs, a c ti- I are secured by binding screws 10. The heating coil 5 constitutes ,a separate article, available for replacementsv in a form ready for general use. Each coil is for this pur poseprovided with short terminals 16 at its respective ends. Preferably each terminal is a short metal cylinder grooved externally with a helical groove in which one or more turns of the helical heater coil are placed and the metal of the terminal swaged down around them. Between these two terminals 16 a carefully predetermined length of heating-coil wire is included, and the terminals are of a shape and size that will permit them to pass through the refractory tube 4. A

heating coil of this description is shown and claimed by me in a separate application for patent. Since the coil is highly flexible it may be threaded through the refractory 1nsulating duct which has been formed in the way I have described, it being also noted that the terminals 16 are so short and of such diameter that either one will readily pass through the curved part of the duct. The coil in its normal relaxed condition is naturally shorter than the duct and in practice it may be threaded through it by at taching a flexible steel tape with a ball at its outer end to one of the terminals 16 and pushing it through the duct with the coil following it. The tape will pass clear through the duct and when it appears at the farther end, it may be used to pull out the leading end of the coil. which is elastic and expansible, its rear end being secured at the entrance end. To each terminal 16 is connected a stem 6 of reduced heat-carrying capacity which has an eye at its outer end through which a screw 10 may be passed tosecure it to the plate 8.

In a heater of this kind it is desirable to provide heat insulation on one side,-in this case, the under sideto divert the heat upward into the metal shell. For this purpose one expedient is to coat the under side of the shell with a layer of heatinsulating cement, such as cork or asbestos, with a binder of refractory paint. I may also employ the device shown in Fig. 5 wherein the heat-insulating compound forms a filling beneath the top late of the shell secured in place by a plate 18. In this form the swaging in of the ribs a and I) may be omitted, while the larger mass of compound will provide a degree of heat-storage after the current is cut off from the coil. In Fig. 1 a heater such as I have described is shown located on the floor under a side seat where a person on the seat behind may use it as a foot rest, if desired. By this means the heat is not only applied at the floor of the car which is the most effective mode of heating an apartment, but it may be applied at will to the feet of the passenger which is the most economical and efficient way of warm ing a person comfortably. I am thus enabled to effect a material saving in the cost of heating a car electrically, it being remembered that electric heat is costly and its economical application is a matter of im portance.

\Vhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An electric heater comprising a refractory insulating duct having outgoing and return portions terminating at the same end of the heater, and a separable flexible heating coil adapted to be inserted in or removed from the sa1d duct.

2. An electric heater comprising a refractory insulating duct having an intermediate curved portion and a separable flexible heating coil adapted to be inserted in or removed from the said duct.

3. An electric heater comprising a metal shell, a refractory insulating duct therein having outgoing and return portions terminating at the same end of the heater, and a separable flexible heating coil adapted to be inserted in or removed from the said duct.

4. An electric heater comprising a curved insulating and refractory duct and a separable heating coil having an attached terminal of a form capable of passing through the said duct.

An electric heater comprising a refractory insulating duct part of which is curved, and a separable flexible heating coil adapted to be inserted in or removed from the said duct. I

(5. An electric heater comprising a fiat body of insulating material having duct spaced apart therein, and a separable heating coil adapted to be inserted in or removed from each of said ducts.

7. An electric heater comprising a refractory insulating duct withan enlarged recess at its end, and a separable flexible heating coil adapted to be inserted in or removed from said. duct through the aforesaid recess.

8. An electric heater comprising a. refractory insulating duct with an enlarged recess at its end, a separable flexible heating coil adapted to be inserted in or removed from said duct through said recess and a metal plate in said recess to which the said coil is detachably connected.

9. An electric heater comprising a refractory insulating duct with an accessible recess at its end, a separable heating coil having a terminal adapted to pass through said duct, a connector plate in said recess incapable of passing through the duct, and means for detachably connecting the said terminal with the said connector.

10. An electric heater comprising a me tallic floor plate, a refractory insulating duct below the outer surface thereof and a separable, flexible heating coil adapted to be inserted in or removed from the said duct.

11. An electric heater comprising a metallic floor plate, a refractory insulating duct embedded therein with an accwsible recess at its end, and a. separable, flexible heating coil. adapted to be inserted in or removed from the said duct through the said recess.

12. An. electric heater comprising a flat metal shell, refractory insulating ducts spaced apart below the surface of said shell, and a separable heating coil adapted to be inserted in or removed from each of said ducts.

13. An electric heater comprising a flat metal shell, refractory insulating, ducts spaced apart below the surface of theshell and connecting attheir ends and a separable heating coil adapted to be inserted in or removed from each of said ducts.

14. An electric heater comprising a flat" metal shell,yrefractory insulating ducts in said shell spaced apart but connected to form a continuous assageway and a flexible heating coil a apted to pass through both of said ducts in succession.

15. An electric heatercomprising a fiat metal shell, straight refractory insulating insulating duct secured between said ribs,

and a separable heating coil in said duct.

17. An electric heater comprising a metal shell provided with parallel ribs, arefractory insulating duct'between said ribs and embedded in the shell by swaging the ribs, and a separable heating coil in said duct.

18. 'An electric heater comprisinga refractory insulating duct, heat insulation on one side of said duct, and a separable heating coil in the duct.

19. An electric heater comprising a metal shell, a refractory insulating duct therein, heat-insulating material on one side of said duct, and a separable heating coil in the duct.

20. An electric heater comprising a surface for heat delivery, a refractory, insulating duct below said surface, a separable heating coil in said duct, and heat insulation on the side of the duct away from the said surface. s v

21. An electric heater comprising a metal shell having a surface for heat delivery, a refractory insulating duct beneath said surface, a separable heating coil in said duct, and heat insulation on the side of the shell away from said surface.

22. An electric heater comprising a flat metal shell having. an exposed heat-delivering surface and heat insulation on the oppo site surface, a refractory insulating duct in contact with the shell and a separable heating coil in said duct.

23. An electric heater comprising a hollow metal shell, a filling of heat insulating mate rial within the shell, a refractory insulating duct for heating the shell and a separable heating coil in said duct.

24. An electric heater comprising a hollow metal shell, a filling of heat-insulating mate duct.

rial within the shell, a retaining plate for said material, an internal duct of refractory material, and'a separable heating coil in said duct. I

25. An electric heater comprising a foot plate, a refractory insulating duct therein, and a separable-heating coil in said duct.

26. An electric heater comprising a foot plate, a refractory insulating duct beneath the surface of said plate and a separable heating coil in said duct.

27. An electric heater comprising a foot plate, heat-insulating material on the under side thereof, a refractory insulating duct for heating said plate, and a separable heating coil in said duct.

'28. An electric heater comprising a metal foot plate, a refractory insulating duct therein and a separable heating coil in said 29. An electric heater comprising a metal foot plate, heat-insulating material attached to. the under side thereof, a refractory insulating duct within theplate and a separable heating coil in said duct having its terminals in a covered recess within the heater.

30. The combination with a compartment to be heated, of an electricfioor-heater having an exposed outer surface, and a heat-'insulated inner surface, a refractory duct therein, and a separable heating coil in said duct. a

31. The combination with a car having transverse seats of'an electric heater on the floor under a seat comprising a metallic shell having' an' outer heat-delivering surface,

heat-insulating material beneath it, a refractory insulating duct within it, and a separable heating coil in said duct.

32. The combination with a car of an electric heater on the floor in front of a seat, comprising an upper heat-delivering surface,

' an underlying layer of heat-insulating material, an interior duct of refractory material and a separable heating coil in said duct.

33. The combination with a car of an electric heater on the floor thereof comprising a metal shell rising above the floor level, underlying heat-insulation, an interiorly refractory duct in heat-conducting relation with said shell and aseparable heating coil in said duct.

34. The combination with a car of an electric heater on the floor thereof comprising a fiat metal shell rising above the floor level, refractorytubing therein in heat-conducting I relation to the said shell and a separable heating coil in said tubing.

Signed at Albany, county of Albany, State of New York, this 21st day of January, 1922. I i L. P. HYNES. 

